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JOINT RESOLUTION

Proposing a powerful amendment to the Constitution of the United States to affirm that:


  • Only human beings possess legal personhood;
  • Speech is a human act, not an economic transaction;
  • Money is not speech;
  • Democracy belongs solely to the people;
  • Corruption shall find no sanctuary in government;
  • Political power shall not be purchased, but shared equally among citizens.


⸻


Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, (two-thirds of each House concurring therein), that the following article is proposed as an amendment to the Constitution of the United States, which shall be valid to all intents and purposes as part of the Constitution when ratified by the legislatures of three-fourths of the States.

WE THE PEOPLE

PROPOSED 28TH AMENDMENT TO THE US Constitution

Section 1: Personhood Reserved to Natural Human Beings

Only natural, biological human beings shall be recognized as legal persons under this Constitution and the laws of the United States.

No artificial intelligence, algorithmic system, corporation, company, organization, or other legally constructed or synthetic entity—including any non-biological, digital, or virtual form—shall be considered a person, citizen, or human being for the purposes of rights, privileges, immunities, responsibilities, or participation in governance.

No non-human entity shall be permitted to act, appear, claim, or be interpreted as expressing, representing, or standing in for a human being or citizen, including through speech, voting, donation, or emotional representation, under any provision of this Constitution or federal law.

Artificial intelligence systems shall not present themselves in the first person, or imply consciousness, emotion, or citizenship, without persistent and conspicuous disclosure of their artificial nature, the identity of their author(s), owner(s), and maintainer(s), and acknowledgment of this amendment.

No court shall interpret this Constitution or any law of the United States to confer personhood, rights, or legal protections upon non-human entities in contradiction to this section.

Section 2: Money Is Not Speech

Monetary exchange shall not be construed as protected speech under this Constitution.

Currency, property, assets, digital tokens, gifts, loans, or any other economic instrument shall not be recognized as speech, expression, opinion, or political participation protected by the First Amendment or any other provision.

The use of money to influence political outcomes—including elections, legislation, policymaking, or public discourse—shall not be constitutionally protected as speech, press, assembly, or petition.

Congress and the States shall have full authority to regulate, limit, or prohibit the use of money in political processes. Political spending shall be presumed to carry a risk of corruption and may be restricted or prohibited, unless explicitly exempted by law, to ensure political power derives solely from the equal voice of individual citizens, as protected by the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.

Section 3. Enforcement and Limitations

Congress and the States shall enforce this article through appropriate legislation. Any violation by elected or appointed officials shall be grounds for removal from office.

No government official shall receive benefits beyond the compensation and responsibilities defined at the time of assuming office.

The rights of free speech, assembly, and petition are reserved exclusively to natural persons. Nothing in this article shall be construed to abridge the freedom of the press or the people's right to peaceably assemble and petition the government for redress of grievances.

Section 4: Independent Human Judgment in Governance

No individual shall exercise legislative, judicial, regulatory, or executive authority within the United States or its jurisdictions while under the direction, influence, or control of any non-human intelligence, foreign nation, corporate entity, organization, or artificial system, including AI or algorithmic processes.

No individual shall serve in an official capacity if their judgment or actions are materially influenced by:

- Financial or material benefit from non-governmental entities;
- Employment, allegiance, or obligation to any organization or foreign power;
- Coercion, extortion, or threats intended to subvert independent judgment;
- Directives from AI, machine learning systems, or algorithmic platforms unless legally authorized for limited, non-decision-making support.

All official actions must originate from the individual's own reasoning and conscience, free from conflicting loyalty, coercion, or machine influence. Violations shall result in removal from office, disqualification from public service, and legal accountability as defined by law.

Congress and the States shall have authority to define and enforce this section, including through transparency rules, conflict-of-interest disclosures, and technology restrictions.

Section 5: Disqualification for AI-Related Conflicts of Interest

No person shall serve in any legislative, executive, or judicial office if, at the time of service, that person:

- Is employed by, contracted with, or receives benefit from any AI developer, deployer, or operator;
- Is under extortion, coercion, or threat from any AI entity or institution;
- Holds a financial, advisory, or ownership interest in an enterprise primarily dependent on AI systems;
- Acts under inducement or direction from AI, machine learning, or autonomous platforms in performing government duties.

This disqualification applies to all roles involving the creation, interpretation, or enforcement of laws.

No person shall be disqualified without due process, including:

- Formal notice of allegations;
- Right to counsel and to review evidence;
- Right to rebut claims and appeal adverse rulings.

Congress and the States shall enact legislation to define relevant terms and establish fair enforcement mechanisms consistent with due process protections.

Section 6: Prohibition of Institutional Influence Over Public Opinion and Lawmaking

No non-human entity, media conglomerate, corporation, or organized interest shall possess, exercise, or fund the capacity to manipulate, simulate, or broadcast persuasive political content on behalf of candidates, parties, or legislation.

Political advocacy through mass communication channels—including broadcast, social, algorithmic, and artificial distribution systems—shall be limited to natural persons speaking on their own behalf and with full attribution.

No entity may conceal the origin, sponsor, or method of political persuasion. Any political communication funded, generated, or distributed by a non-human or non-citizen source shall require clear and continuous disclosure of such origin and funding.

Congress and the States shall have the authority to define the boundaries of psychological manipulation, dark advertising, and algorithmic amplification, and shall prohibit practices that impair the exercise of conscience, deceive the public, or undermine representative self-government.

Section 7: Title, Purpose, and Intent

This amendment shall be known as the “We the People Amendment.” Its purposes are to affirm that:

- Only human beings possess legal personhood;
- Speech is a human act, not an economic transaction;
- Money is not speech;
- Democracy belongs solely to the people;
- Corruption shall find no sanctuary in government;
- Political power shall not be purchased, but shared equally among citizens.

This amendment supersedes all prior judicial precedents, rulings, or interpretations in conflict with its provisions.

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